Journal article
IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, vol. 9, 2025, pp. 429-444
APA
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Baldini, G., Bolla, R., Bruschi, R., Carrega, A., Davoli, F., Lombardo, C., & Rabbani, R. (2025). Toward Sustainable O-RAN Deployment: An In-Depth Analysis of Power Consumption. IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 9, 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGCN.2024.3426108
Chicago/Turabian
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Baldini, Gianmarco, Raffaele Bolla, Roberto Bruschi, Alessandro Carrega, Franco Davoli, Chiara Lombardo, and Ramin Rabbani. “Toward Sustainable O-RAN Deployment: An In-Depth Analysis of Power Consumption.” IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 9 (2025): 429–444.
MLA
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Baldini, Gianmarco, et al. “Toward Sustainable O-RAN Deployment: An In-Depth Analysis of Power Consumption.” IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, vol. 9, 2025, pp. 429–44, doi:10.1109/TGCN.2024.3426108.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{baldini2025a,
title = {Toward Sustainable O-RAN Deployment: An In-Depth Analysis of Power Consumption},
year = {2025},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking},
pages = {429-444},
volume = {9},
doi = {10.1109/TGCN.2024.3426108},
author = {Baldini, Gianmarco and Bolla, Raffaele and Bruschi, Roberto and Carrega, Alessandro and Davoli, Franco and Lombardo, Chiara and Rabbani, Ramin}
}
How energy-efficient is O-RAN compared with conventional RAN architectures?
Our research, published in IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, introduces a parametric power consumption model and a DU/CU placement methodology evaluated using real-world network datasets from France (42,797 RUs) and Ireland (10,198 RUs).
The findings reveal that O-RAN is not inherently more energy-efficient. Energy consumption depends strongly on network topology, placement constraints, and processing characteristics, highlighting the importance of energy-aware design for future mobile infrastructures.

🌱 Can 5G become greener? The O-RAN sustainability challenge!
Discover how Radio Units (RUs), Distributed Units (DUs), and Centralized Units (CUs) shape the energy footprint of next-generation mobile networks. Through manga-inspired storytelling, we explore how intelligent network planning and power consumption modeling can help pave the way toward sustainable 5G and beyond.
⚡ The challenge isn't just making networks smarter. It's making them greener!
